In essence, it proposals using an OHS for "bootstrapping structuration of
the web" since a knowledge-web (aka DKR) would travel along with the e-mail
content itself. As it passed through its DKR server, the new DKR piece would
be integrated with the existing DKR.
Overall, Mr. Pangaro views of knowledge as a collective construction
striving to achieve coherence, rather than a mapping of external objects
that typically results in a "spaghetti-like" meshes of interconnected data,
so that the user quickly gets lost in hyperspace. In other words, it allows
an associative hypertext network to "self-organize" into a simpler, more
meaningful, and more easily usable multidimensional network (aka ZigZag by
Ted Nelson). "The ZigZag space may be thought of as a multidimensional
generalization of rows and columns, without any shape or structure imposed."
http://www.sfc.keio.ac.jp/~ted/zigzag/xybrap.html.
.... "The term "self-organization" is appropriate to the degree that there
is no external programmer or designer deciding which node to link to which
other node: better linking patterns emerge spontaneously. The existing links
"bootstrap" new links into existence, which in turn change the existing link
patterns. The information used to create new links is not internal to the
network, though: it derives from the collective actions of the different
users. In that sense one might say that the network "learns" from the way it
is used." ...
... "The algorithms for such a learning web are very simple. Every potential
link is assigned a certain "strength". For a given node a, only the links
with the highest strength are actualized, i.e. are visible to the user.
Within the
node, these links are ordered by strength, so that the user will encounter
the strongest link first. There are
three separate learning rules for adapting the strengths.
1) Each time an existing link, say a -> b, is chosen by the user, its
strength is increased. Thus, the strength of a
link becomes a reflection of the frequency with which it is used by
hypertext navigators. This rather obvious
rule can only consolidate links that are already available within the node.
In that sense, it functions as a selector
of strong connections. However, it cannot actualize new links, since these
are not accessible to the user.
Therefore we need complementary rules that generate novelty or variation.
2) A user might follow an indirect connection between two nodes, say a -> b,
b -> c. In that case the potential
link a -> c increases its strength. This is a weak form of transitivity. It
opens up an unlimited realm of new links.
Indeed, one or several increases in strength of a -> c may be sufficient to
make the potential link actual. The
user can now directly select a -> c, and from there perhaps c -> d. This
increases the strength of the potential
link a -> d, which may in turn become actual, and so on. Eventually, an
indefinitely extended path may thus be
replaced by a single link a -> z. Of course, this assumes that a sufficient
number of users effectively follow that
path. Otherwise it will not be able to overcome the competition from paths
chosen by other users, which will also
increase their strengths. The underlying principle is that the paths that
are most popular, i.e. followed most
often, will eventually be replaced by direct links, thus minimizing the
average number of links a user must follow
in order to reach his or her preferred destination.
3) A similar rule can be used to implement a weak form of symmetry. When a
user chooses a link a -> b, implying
that there exists some association between the nodes a and b, we may assume
that this also implies some
association between b and a. Therefore, the reverse link b -> a gets a
strength increase. This symmetry rule on
its own is much more limited than transitivity, since it can only actualize
a single new link for each existing link." ....
Therefore, by abandoning the correspondence epistemology and its reliance on
fixed primitives, bootstrapping approaches open the way to a truly flexible,
adaptive and creative knowledge system.
Eric Armstrong wrote:
> "John J. Deneen" wrote:
> >
> > 1) Ideas for Use Case Scenarios
> > Groupware and Corporate Repositories: A Proposal for Leveraging
> > Intellectual
> > Capital
> > http://pangaro.com/proposals/corp-repos.html
> >
> Can you digest what this has to say about use cases that is
> useful for our purposes?
>
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